{"id":39748,"date":"2023-02-22T11:41:34","date_gmt":"2023-02-22T10:41:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/?post_type=approfondimento&#038;p=39748"},"modified":"2023-07-21T09:49:48","modified_gmt":"2023-07-21T08:49:48","slug":"type-g-et-dispositifs-a-courant-differentiel-residuel-quelles-sont-les-differences","status":"publish","type":"approfondimento","link":"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/fr\/approfondissement\/securite-electrique\/type-g-et-dispositifs-a-courant-differentiel-residuel-quelles-sont-les-differences\/","title":{"rendered":"Type G et dispositifs \u00e0 courant diff\u00e9rentiel r\u00e9siduel : quelles sont les diff\u00e9rences ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n    \n        <section\n            data-name=\"Contenuto testuale con immagine\"\n            class=\"bow-gte-testo-media u-spacer-base\"\n            id=\"\"\n        >\n            \n<div class=\"o-text-media px-side-spacer sm:px-side-spacer-sm lg:px-side-spacer-tablet 2xl:px-side-spacer-desktop flex flex-wrap items-start md:block\">\n\n    \n        \n        \n                    <div class=\"relative w-full\">\n                \n<div class=\"a-text font-text text-base normal mt-8 first:mt-0 space-y-4\">\n    <p><strong>LA QUESTION :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Quelles sont les diff\u00e9rences entre les disjoncteurs diff\u00e9rentiels et les protections contre les d\u00e9fauts \u00e0 la terre de type G ?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>CONSID\u00c9RATIONS :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Parmi les causes possibles de choc \u00e9lectrique, il y a les contacts indirects : \u00e0 la suite d&rsquo;une mise \u00e0 la terre, par exemple caus\u00e9e par une isolation d\u00e9fectueuse, le courant peut circuler \u00e0 travers une partie conductrice expos\u00e9e, et une personne peut mourir si elle la touche.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Les dispositifs de type G et les dispositifs \u00e0 courant r\u00e9siduel fonctionnent tous deux pour prot\u00e9ger contre les contacts indirects (protection contre les d\u00e9fauts)<\/strong> et agissent tous deux selon le m\u00eame principe. Dans une distribution normale du courant triphas\u00e9, la somme vectorielle des courants des trois phases (et du neutre, s&rsquo;il est distribu\u00e9) est nulle. En cas de d\u00e9faut \u00e0 la terre, la phase impliqu\u00e9e dans le d\u00e9faut subit une variation significative et nous avons une somme non nulle. <strong>Les deux types de protection agissent en maintenant sous contr\u00f4le la somme vectorielle des trois phases<\/strong> (et du neutre, s&rsquo;il est distribu\u00e9), en interrompant le circuit lorsque la somme n&rsquo;est pas nulle. Quelle est donc la diff\u00e9rence ?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>            <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <div class=\"clear-both\"><\/div>\n        \n\n    <\/div>\n        <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n\n\n    \n        <section\n            data-name=\"Contenuto testuale con immagine\"\n            class=\"bow-gte-testo-media u-spacer-base\"\n            id=\"\"\n        >\n            \n<div class=\"o-text-media px-side-spacer sm:px-side-spacer-sm lg:px-side-spacer-tablet 2xl:px-side-spacer-desktop flex flex-wrap items-start md:block\">\n\n    \n        \n                    <div\n                class=\"h-auto mb-6 md:mb-4 lg:mb-8 xl:mb-9 float-left mr-6 md:mr-4 lg:mr-8 xl:mr-9  overflow-hidden shadow-content-image w-full md:w-1\/3\"\n            >\n                \r\n\r\n    \r\n        \r\n            \r\n                \r\n                    <picture\r\n                        class=\"\"\r\n                                            >\r\n                                                                                                        <source\r\n                                media=\"(max-width: 150px)\"\r\n                                width=\"150\"\r\n                                height=\"150\"\r\n                                srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/schema-eng.png-150x150.webp\"\r\n                                type=\"image\/webp\"\r\n                            \/>\r\n                                                                                <source\r\n                                media=\"(max-width: 300px)\"\r\n                                width=\"300\"\r\n                                height=\"143\"\r\n                                srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/schema-eng.png-300x143.webp\"\r\n                                type=\"image\/webp\"\r\n                            \/>\r\n                                                                                <source\r\n                                media=\"(max-width: 768px)\"\r\n                                width=\"768\"\r\n                                height=\"365\"\r\n                                srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/schema-eng.png-768x365.webp\"\r\n                                type=\"image\/webp\"\r\n                            \/>\r\n                                                                                <source\r\n                                media=\"(max-width: 846px)\"\r\n                                width=\"846\"\r\n                                height=\"402\"\r\n                                srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/schema-eng.png.webp\"\r\n                                type=\"image\/webp\"\r\n                            \/>\r\n                                                                            <img\r\n                            class=\"a-image transparent border-image h-auto  w-full\"\r\n                                                        srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/schema-eng.png.webp\"\r\n                                                        title=\"schema-eng.png\"\r\n                                                        type=\"image\/webp\"\r\n                        \/>\r\n                    <\/picture>\r\n\r\n                \r\n\r\n                    \r\n    \r\n            <\/div>\n        \n                    <div class=\"relative w-full\">\n                \n<div class=\"a-text font-text text-base normal mt-8 first:mt-0 space-y-4\">\n    <p><strong>Les interrupteurs avec la courbe G<\/strong> (comme dans Ground Fault) <strong>fonctionnent avec une commande \u00e9lectronique<\/strong> : Les disjoncteurs \u00e0 bo\u00eetier moul\u00e9 utilisent des TA de phase pour contr\u00f4ler le courant afin de garantir la protection contre les surintensit\u00e9s ; ces m\u00eames TA de phase, en d\u00e9tectant le courant pour chaque phase et, s\u00e9par\u00e9ment, la tension, recr\u00e9ent les vecteurs de courant et calculent ensuite la somme des vecteurs : si la somme n&rsquo;est pas nulle, l&rsquo;interrupteur se d\u00e9clenche. Les TA de phase ne sont pas extr\u00eamement pr\u00e9cis et l&rsquo;erreur de calcul pourrait d\u00e9clencher fr\u00e9quemment l&rsquo;interrupteur s&rsquo;il est calibr\u00e9 \u00e0 une faible valeur de courant ; pour \u00e9viter les d\u00e9clenchements inutiles,<strong> la sensibilit\u00e9 de la courbe G peut \u00eatre calibr\u00e9e \u00e0 des valeurs \u00e9gales ou sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 0,2 In.<\/strong> \u00c9tant un instrument \u00e9lectronique, il est tr\u00e8s polyvalent, le courant d&rsquo;intervention et tout d\u00e9lai programm\u00e9 peuvent \u00eatre programm\u00e9s en fonction des besoins.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Les dispositifs \u00e0 courant r\u00e9siduel, ou RCD, fonctionnent par une mesure physique des 3 phases<\/strong> : les c\u00e2bles passent \u00e0 travers un tore, une somme non nulle d\u00e9clenche l&rsquo;interrupteur et interrompt le circuit. Cette m\u00e9thode de mesure est beaucoup plus pr\u00e9cise et permet donc de compter sur ce type de protection <strong>pour des applications \u00e0 haute sensibilit\u00e9, comme l&rsquo;usage domestique.<\/strong> La l\u00e9gislation impose des DDR d&rsquo;une sensibilit\u00e9 de 30 mA pour l&rsquo;Europe, de 6 mA pour l&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique du Nord. Dans ce cas \u00e9galement, les fabricants proposent des mod\u00e8les plus complexes, dont la sensibilit\u00e9 et les temps d&rsquo;activation sont modifiables, afin de favoriser la s\u00e9lectivit\u00e9 entre les protections des installations, par exemple dans le secteur industriel.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>            <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <div class=\"clear-both\"><\/div>\n        \n\n    <\/div>\n        <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n\n\n    \n        <section\n            data-name=\"Contenuto testuale con immagine\"\n            class=\"bow-gte-testo-media u-spacer-base\"\n            id=\"\"\n        >\n            \n<div class=\"o-text-media px-side-spacer sm:px-side-spacer-sm lg:px-side-spacer-tablet 2xl:px-side-spacer-desktop flex flex-wrap items-start md:block\">\n\n    \n        \n        \n                    <div class=\"relative w-full\">\n                \n<div class=\"a-text font-text text-base normal mt-8 first:mt-0 space-y-4\">\n    <p><strong>CONCLUSION<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Les DDR et les interrupteurs \u00e0 courbe G ont le m\u00eame objectif<\/strong>, la protection contre les d\u00e9fauts<strong>, et le m\u00eame principe de base<\/strong>, l&rsquo;activation en fonction de la variation de la somme vectorielle des courants. <strong>Les diff\u00e9rences se situent au niveau de la fa\u00e7on de mesurer la somme des courants et de la sensibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 laquelle ils peuvent fonctionner.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>            <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <div class=\"clear-both\"><\/div>\n        \n\n    <\/div>\n        <\/section>\n\n    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Quelles sont les diff\u00e9rences entre les disjoncteurs diff\u00e9rentiels et les protections contre les d\u00e9fauts \u00e0 la terre de type G ?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":182,"featured_media":39749,"parent":0,"menu_order":85,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tipologia_approfondimento":[158],"class_list":["post-39748","approfondimento","type-approfondimento","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tipologia_approfondimento-securite-electrique"],"acf":{"sottotitolo":"","allegati":null},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Type G et dispositifs \u00e0 courant diff\u00e9rentiel r\u00e9siduel : quelles sont les diff\u00e9rences ? - Gt-Engineering<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/fr\/approfondissement\/securite-electrique\/type-g-et-dispositifs-a-courant-differentiel-residuel-quelles-sont-les-differences\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Type G et dispositifs \u00e0 courant diff\u00e9rentiel r\u00e9siduel : quelles sont les diff\u00e9rences ? - Gt-Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Quelles sont les diff\u00e9rences entre les disjoncteurs diff\u00e9rentiels et les protections contre les d\u00e9fauts \u00e0 la terre de type G ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/fr\/approfondissement\/securite-electrique\/type-g-et-dispositifs-a-courant-differentiel-residuel-quelles-sont-les-differences\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Gt-Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-07-21T08:49:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/copertina-21-768x768.jpg.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/fr\/approfondissement\/securite-electrique\/type-g-et-dispositifs-a-courant-differentiel-residuel-quelles-sont-les-differences\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.gt-engineering.it\/fr\/approfondissement\/securite-electrique\/type-g-et-dispositifs-a-courant-differentiel-residuel-quelles-sont-les-differences\/\",\"name\":\"Type G et dispositifs \u00e0 courant diff\u00e9rentiel r\u00e9siduel : quelles sont les diff\u00e9rences ? 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